Coccidiose em cães e gatos do município de Andradina, estado de São Paulo, Brasil / Coccidiosisin dogs and cats at the Municipality of Andradina in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

A coccidiose é uma das mais frequentes enfermidades parasitárias em pequenos animais em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência da infecção por Cystoisospora em cães e gatos no Município de Andradina, São Paulo. Durante os anos de 2007 a 2009, amostras fecais de 97 gatos e 93 cães foram processadas por meio das técnicas de flutuação em solução saturada de cloreto de sódio e sedimentação espontânea. As espécies foram identificadas por morfometria dos oocistos. Oocistos fecais de Cystoisospora foram encontrados em 71,1% (69/97) dos gatos, sendo que infecção simples por C. rivoltaou por C. felis ocorreu, respectivamente, em 41,0% (16/39) e em 20,5% (8/39) dos animais, com P≥0,2319. Em 39,7% (37/93) dos cães foi detectada positividade para Cystoisospora spp., sendo a espécie C. canis identificada na maior proporção (63,9%) com P=0,0005. A partir dos resultados obtidos, nós concluímos que cães e gatos tiveram elevada ocorrência de infecção por Cystoisospora, sendo C. canis e C. rivolta as espécies mais observadas, respectivamente.

Coccidiosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases in dogs and cats in all the world. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of this parasitosis in dog and cat population at the Municipality of Andradina in the State of São Paulo, from 2007 to 2009. Fecal samples from 97 cats and 93 dogs were analyzed by using the techniques of flotation in saturated sodium chloride and spontaneous sedimentation. The species were classified according to morphology of the oocysts. Cystoisospora fecal oocyst found in 71.1% (69/97) of the cats, and simple infection by C. rivolta and C. felis occurred respectively in 41.0% (16/39) and 20.5% (8/39) animals, with P ≥ 0.2319. In 39.7%(37/93) of the dogs was found positive for Cystoisospora spp. And the species C. canis identified in the largest proportion (63.9%) with P = 0.0005. From the results, we conclude that dogs and cats had high incidence of infection Cystoisospora, being C. canis and C. rivolta most observed species, respectively.

Immunological and parasitological studies of cryptosporidium muris tyzzer [1907]

Oocysts of C. muris and the events of excystation using 0.5% sodium hypochlorite as excystation medium were described with light microscope. The response of the immunocompetent BALB/c mice against infection was studied using sera of orally infected mice at different periods post-inoculation by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test using 1: 150 FITC conjugated rabbit serum antimouse polyclonal IgG. From the patterns of IFAT, it was suggested that the dominant antigen in C. muris was restricted to the apical complex of the sporozoites. Such antigen may play a role in the invasion of the host cell. Future analysis of such receptor molecules might constitute prime candidates as immunogens for a vaccine, the efficiency of which might cause inhibition of parasite invasion

Eimeria peltocephali n. sp., (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the freshwater turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia: Pelomusidae) and Eimeria molossi n. sp., from the bat, Molossus ater (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

The oocyst is described of Eimeria peltocephali n. sp. from faeces of the freshwater turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus from Barcelos, State of Amazonas, Brazil. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts are elongate, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, frequently curved to a banana-shape, 54.4 x 19.1 (37.5 -68.7 x 18.7 - 20.0µm), shape-index 2.8 (1.8 - 3.9). The oocyst wall is single thin, colourless layer about 1µm thick, with no micropyle. There is a bulky oocyst residuum, at first spherical to ellipsoidal, 19 x 16 (16.2 -26.2 x 16 - 21.5µm), but becoming dispersed on maturation. There are no polar bodies. The sporocysts, 19.1 x 6.8 (17.5 -21.2 x 6.2 -7.5 µm), shape-index 2.8 (2.3 -3.2), are usually disposed in pairs at each end of the oocyst, and bear an inconspicuous Stieda body in the form of a flat cap. The sporozoites are elongate and slightly curved around the residuum. No refractile bodies were seen. Eimeria molossi n. sp. is described from the molossid bat Molossus ater. Sporulation is exogenous and the mature oocysts are predominantly broadly ellipsoidal, 23.4 x 17.5 (18-30 x 15-22.5 µm), shape-index 1.3 (1-1.6). The oocyst wall is about 2 µm thick, and of three layers: an inner thin, colourless one and two outer layers which are thicker, yellowish-brown, prominently striated and in close apposition. There is no micropyle or oocyst residuum, but one and occasionally two polar bodies are usually present. Sporocysts sre ellipsoidal, 10.2 x 7.5 (10-12.5 x 7.5 µm), shape-index 1.4 (1.3-1.7) with an inconspicuous Stieda body. Endogenous stages are described in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.

Avaliacao da influencia do formol na pesquisa de oocistos de Cryptosporidium sp. nas fezes, atraves do metodo de Sheater e do coprotest / Evaluation of the influence of the formalin in the detection of oocysts of Chryptosporidium sp. in the stools through Sheater's method and Coprotest

Atualmente e muito comum a necessidade de diagnosticar a criptosporidiase pelo exame das fezes e, no contexto dessa providencia, manipular materiais que eventualmente contem o virus da imunodeficiencia humana (HIV) constitui circunstancia inevitavel. Para a protecao de laboratoristas, o formol pode ser considerado util e percebemos que o emprego desse desinfetante, previamente a execucao da tecnica de centrifugo-flutuacao em solucao concentrada de acucar e do "Coprotest", ainda nao merecera observacoes. Pos isso, realizamos averiguacoes a respeito e verificamos que o recurso preventivo interfere claramente na produtividade do processo primeiro citado, mas nao na do outro. Assim, torna-se aconselhavel levar em conta essas deducoes em trabalhos assistenciais e cientificos.

Pesquisa de oocistos de Cryptosporidium sp. nas fezes diarreicas de aideticos e de criancas e adultos imunocompetentes, em Sao Paulo / The search for oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. in loose stools of patients with AIDS and immunocompetent children and adults in Sao Paulo

Com o intuito de cooperar no sentido de ficar melhor conhecida a prevalencia da criptosporidiase no Brasil, foram efetuados em Sao Paulo, exames das fezes diarreicas de pacientes com AIDS e de criancas e adultos imunocompetentes. Atraves de metodologia rigorosa houve encontro de oocisos de Cryptosporium sp. nas avaliacoes referentes a 10,4 por cento dos competentes da casuistica, com deteccao de porcentagens mais elevadas nos grupos de aideticos e de criancas atendidas em creche. Os valoes encontrados podem ser considerados expressivos e indicam a necessidade de incluir, rotineiramente, a pesquisa do referido protozoario na analise parasitologica da materia fecal.